Kagan’s knowledge building structures enhance memorisation and recall, speeding up processing and application, crucial to reading and writing processes. Unlike the past, when students learned independently, they now collaborate with classmates, fulfilling social learning needs and promoting stimulation, novelty, and verbalisation over internalisation.

Kagan offers strategies for teachers to engage students through activities like sharing, writing, drawing, analysing, evaluating, comparing, questioning, discussing, justifying, or presenting.